International Symposium on
Drylands Ecology and Human Security

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Estimation of Pollution Risk Factor of Underground Waters at the Time of Accidental Oil Spillage by the Use of Mathematical Model

N.Begalishvili, A.Surmava, N.Naskidashvili, L.Bachiashvili, L.Shavliashvili, N.Dvalishvili

Georgian Hydrometeorological Institute
e-mail: lelabachi@yahoo.com; nb@gw.acnet.ge

Abstract

During the oil spillage on the horizontal area, infiltration processes in the depth levels of soils take place and therefore cause dangerous for underground waters. For operative determination of distribution of oil products on depth, changes in time and pollution risk factors of underground waters, we have used mathematical model for infiltration of spillage oil into the soils. The model gives opportunity to describe the diffusive-infiltrate move of oil and oil products after the accidental oil spillage on the soils and determine parameters of space and time.

For the brown-carbonated type of soils by the use of the model was held the numeral integration for t = 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 and 240 hours. It was evident that for this kind of soils the infiltration process of oil-water emulsion is very rapid. For example, after t=24 hours depth of infiltration is 30cm, and after t=240 hours it will be 90-100cm.

Therefore, it may be concluded that t=6-12 hours is the optimal time for cutting the upper 10-15cm layer of polluted soil to protect the soils and ground waters from oil pollutants.

The results of conducted mathematical model coincided with the results of physical-chemical analyzes of polluted area.

The Institute of Hydrometeorology can offer the above-mentioned mathematical model, which is about spread of oil products after accidental oil spillage on the soils, in surface and underground waters.