International Symposium on
Drylands Ecology and Human Security

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Weed Management in Drylands of Pakistan

Muhammad Saeed1*, Khan Bahadar Marwat2 and Ikramullah Khan Marwat1

1 Department of Weed Science, NWFP Agriculture University, Pakistan
*e-mail:
stf_62@yahoo.com

2 Faculty of Crop Protection Sciences, NWFP Agriculture University, Pakistan


Abstract

Dry areas have much more problem of weeds as compare to irrigated areas due to aggressive behavior of weeds. Thus competing well with crop and lowering the yield.  According to a self-conducted survey in Kohat-Pakistan the major weeds were Carthamus oxyacantha, Avena fatua, Cirsium arvense, Phalaris minor, Convolvulus arvensis, Medicago denticulata, Malcolmia sp., Silybum marianum, Setaria sp., Rumex crispus, Lolium sp., Fumaria indica, Polygonum sp., Vicia sativa and Lathyrus sp. According to farmers surveyed the yield reduction due to these major weeds ranged from 20-50 % in wheat. Keeping in view the losses due to these weeds, an experiment was conducted on the effect of various herbicides for weed control in wheat at Barani Agriculture Research Station, Kohat during the rabi season 2005-2006, using Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The experiment comprised of eight treatments, viz; seven herbicides and a weedy check, each treatment consisting of 5 rows each 25 cm apart and 5 m long making treatment size of 5m x 1.5m.
The herbicides were; clodinafop @ 0.05 kg, 2,4-D @ 0.7 kg, bromoxynil + MCPA @ 0.49 kg, isoproturon @ 1.0 kg, carfentrazon-ethyl @ 0.02 kg, terbutryn + triasulfuron @ 0.16 kg, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl @ 0.93 kg a.i ha-1 and a weedy check. The data recorded on weed kill efficiency (%), fresh weed biomass (kg ha-1), 1000-grain weight (g), biological yield (kg ha-1), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were significantly affected by the different herbicidal treatments. Statistically Buctril M 40EC treatment exhibited the best performance, with maximum weed kill efficiency (47.2%) and minimum fresh weed biomass (400 kg ha-1) as compared to weed biomass (1102 kg ha-1) in the weedy check. Similarly, number of spikes (506 m-2), number of grains spike-1 (57.3), thousand grains weight (46.6 g), biological yield (16750 kg ha-1) and grain yield (1970 kg ha-1) were the highest in Buctril M 40EC treatments as compared to weedy check having (400 m-2), (50.2), (41.4 g), (10850 kg), and (1653 kg ha-1), respectively.

Keywords: Wheat, Triticum aestivum and weed control, herbicides